International Dictionary of Terms in Amateur Telescope Making

Keywords:

Currently 9 languages are supported: English (of course), French, German, Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, Indonesian, Italian, Russian.

All words are given in English, then they are explained in English, and the translations follow.

→ Jump to: ↑ top [A] B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• A •

Abrasive: Sand-like stuff that you need for grinding (the abrasive is harder than the glass, and scrapes the glass when we grind the mirror)

PT: abrasivo

NL: slijppoeder

FR: abrasif

ES: Abrasivo

DE: Schleifpulver, Schleifmaterial

ID: obat asah (abrasif)

IT: abrasivo

RU: Ð?Ð±Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ñ‹
Achromat: Sort of refractor, with primary lens corrected for 2 wavelengths. Most common refractor; suffers from color bleeding with very bright objects (due to dispersion).

NL: achromaat

PT: acromÃ¡tico

FR: objectif achromatique

RU: Ð?Ñ…Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ‚

ID: Akromat
Adhese, to: To join 2 pieces of glass by heat treatment without distorsion.

DE: Schweissen ohne Erweichung

RU: Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÐºÐ»ÐµÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
AFoV: Apparent Field of View. This is the field of view that is written on eyepiece specifications. To get the true field of view (FoV), you have to divide the AFoV by the magnification of the optical system (telescope). See also the telescope formulas page.

NL: schijnbaar gezichtsveld

DE: Scheinbares Gesichtsfeld
Airy disk: Center spot of the diffraction pattern caused by a point-like source (star).

NL: buigingsschijfje

FR: tache d'Airy

RU: Ð”Ð¸Ñ?Ðº ÐÑ€Ð¸

DE: Beugungsscheibchen

ID: Cakram Airy
Alignment: Adjusting the optical axis such that it is coincident with the mechanical axis of the tube.

NL: Mechanisch uitrichten.

FR: alignement

DE: Ausrichtung bez. der optischen Achse

RU: Ð®Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ? Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ñ?Ð¸

PT: alinhamento

ID: Penyesuaian axis optik

ES: Alineamiento, alineaciÃ³n
Aloxite: Brand name for Amaril, which is Aluminium Oxyde (Al₂O₃).; FR: aloxite

DE: Aloxite
Alt-Az mount: A mount on which one axis moves up and down (altitude) and the other axis moves around to the left and to the right (azimuth).

FR: Monture azimutal

NL: alt-azimuth montering

RU: Ð?Ð»ÑŒÑ‚-Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð¼ÑƒÑ‚Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð°Ñ? Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°

DE: Altazimutale Montierung
Aluminizing: Putting an aluminium coating on the optical surface of a mirror, so that it reflects more light.

NL: aluminiseren

FR: aluminiser

PT: aluminizar

DE: Aluminisieren

ID: melapis dengan aluminium

IT: alluminatura

RU: Ð?Ð»ÑŽÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Alundum: Brand name for Amaril, which is Aluminium Oxyde (Al₂O₃).

FR: alundum

DE: Alundum
Amaril: This rather common mineral consists of Aluminium Oxyde (Al₂O₃) with inclusions (so-called contaminations) of magnetite (FeO.Fe₂O₃), hematite (Fe₂O₃), quartz (SiO₂) and other minerals. It commonly serves as (cheap) abrasive, as it reaches 9 on the Mohs scale. It is typically yellowish. Amaril is from the Corundum group of minerals, which also groups Ruby and Sapphire.

FR: amaril

NL: amaril, korund

DE: Amaril, Korund
Annealed: Which has undergone annealing.

FR: recuit

PT: temperada

DE: angelassen
Annealing: Thermal treatment of materials to alleviate or even totally eliminate internal stresses. The material is heated at a relatively high temperature at which material diffusion occurs at a reasonable speed. The material is held at that temperature for a certain time, and then is cooled very slowly, to avoid material stresses being reintroduced.

NL: ontlaten, gloeien (behandeling van bvb getrokken of gewalst staal, om het weer te verzachten)

FR: recuire

RU: ÐžÑ‚Ð¶Ð¸Ð³

DE: anlassen

PT: dar tÃªmpera
Aperture: Diameter of the light inlet of a telescope.

NL: apertuur, opening

FR: ouverture

DE: Ã–ffnung

RU: Ð”Ð¸Ð°Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ñ€ Ð¾Ð±ÑŠÐµÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð°

PT: abertura

ID: Apertur
APO: Apochromat.
Apochromat: Sort of refractor, with primary lens corrected for 3 wavelengths. Very expensive, but marvellous images...

NL: apochromaat

FR: objectif apochromatique

PT: apocromÃ¡tico

RU: Ð?Ð¿Ð¾Ñ…Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ‚

ID: Apokromat
Apparent Field of View: See: AFoV
Appleply: Sort of plywood (strong and lightweight).
Ash: Sort of hardwood, rather coarse grained. Ash tends to be whiter than oak. Both can be quite pretty, but their primary feature is strength. [Peter Brooks]
ATM: Amateur Telescope Making, Amateur Telescope Maker, ...

NL: amateurkijkerbouwer

FR: Constructeur de telescope amateur

ES: Constructor amateur de telescopios

PT: Construtor de telescopios amador

ID: Pembuat Teleskop Amatir

DE: Amateur-Fernrohr-Bauer

IT: Costruzione amatoriale di telescopi

RU: Ð›ÑŽÐ±Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ?

→ Jump to: ↑ top A [B] C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• B •

Backlash

When you rotate an axis of a gear box, then you will often experiment that when you invert the rotation direction, the output axis does not change immediately its rotation direction. There is some play on the system, called backlash. Every mechanic system has backlash, but it only becomes a problem when it becomes noticeable.

NL: terugveren, speling

PT: folga

FR: jeu

DE: Getriebespiel

RU: ÐœÐµÑ€Ñ‚Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ Ñ…Ð¾Ð´, Ð»ÑŽÑ„Ñ‚

ID: Tendangan balik

Backpacking scope

A telescope that can be "carried on your back", thus a portable telescope.

Baffle

Sort of diaphragm in the light path, used for enhancing the image contrast by reducing the incidence of unwanted scattered light, ...

NL: baffle, lichtscherm

DE: Blende(n)

FR: pare-lumiÃ¨re interne

Ball bearing

Bearing with balls as rolling parts.

NL: kogellager

FR: roulement Ã billes

Barlow

Optical interface that artifficially lenghtens the focal length of the primary; by doing so the barlow interface increases the magnifying power of the eyepiece. Common barlow interfaces multiply the focal length of the primary by 2 or 3, resulting in 2 or 3 times more power with the same eyepiece.

Barn door mount

Sort of telescope mount, mostly used for photographic cameras.

NL: schuurdeur montering

PT: suporte "porta de celeiro"

Bartelize, to

his verb refers to Mel Bartels' motorized Dobson, and means "motorize the alt-azimuth telescope with steppers and a laptop" (ATM list, January 14th, 1998 by Ed de la Rie).

Bearing

Interface that allows much smoother rotation of an axis (e.g.: roller bearing)

NL: lager

FR: roulement

ES: Rodamiento

PT: rolamento

ID: bantalan/alas poros

DE: Lager

IT: cuscinetto

RU: ÐŸÐ¾Ð´ÑˆÐ¸Ð¿Ð½Ð¸Ðº

Belt sander

Sander which sands by means of a belt that is driven by means of 2 rollers.

NL: bandschuurmachine.

FR: entraÃ®nement Ã ruban tractÃ©

DE: Bandschleifer

PT: lixadeira de fita

Beral coating

Sort of high reflective, dielectric coating used on mirrors, with very low reflection losses (US brand name)

ID: pelapisan dengan Beral

Bevel

Descr ?

PT: chanfro

Bevel, to

Descr ?

NL: afstompen, afvlakken (?)

FR: biseauter, chanfreiner

DE: abschrÃ¤gen, fasen

RU: Ð·Ð°Ñ‰Ð¸Ñ‚Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ñ„Ð°Ñ?ÐºÐ°

PT: chanfrar

ID: Menumpulkan

Beveled edge

Reason 1: To reduce the stress on the edge of a mirror, beveling of the edge is important. With a beveled edge you reduce the risk of breaking chips of glass, if the mirror touches/hits a harder material (e.g. the mirror cell)
Reason 2: Sharp edges (which are normal in blank production) are dangerous for the hands of the ATM'er. See the ASCII-Drawing:

  /^^--..__..--^^\     <- Surface of Mirror
 !                !
  \______________/     <- Back of Mirror

The slash and the backslash represent the "Beveled edge". [Detlev Markfort]

Birch

Kind of tree.

NL: berk

FR: bouleau

PT: Vidoeiro

ES: Abedul

DE: Birke

IT: betulla

RU: Ð‘ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ·Ð°

Bit

Object that is used for making holes (with a drill) or cuts (with a router).

NL: boorpunt

FR: pointe de foreuse, foret, mÃ¨che

PT: broca

ES: broca

ID: mata bor / mata roter

IT: punta, scalpello

Blank

Disk of glass (or pyrex, ceramic, metal) before grinding and polishing.

NL: glasschijf

FR: disque miroir

PT: disco espelho

ES: Disco de vidrio

ID: Kaca/gelas

DE: Rohling

Blocking tool

Tool on which optical pieces are placed for making a plaster block

FR: outil Ã bloquer

Blueing

Coating a lens with an anti-reflective coating. Since the reflective losses are minimized at about 550 nanometer (wavelength of green light to which the human eye is the most sensitive), the coated lens appears to be blueish, since the green part of the light is not reflected anymore and hence disappears, leaving only the complementary color(s).

NL: blauwen, ontspiegelen

FR: traÃ®ter anti-reflet

Bolt

Cylindrical threaded metal piece (with a head which is in most cases hexagonally shaped) used for joining parts. You can use washers and nuts on them. You can also make a bolt by means of a threaded rod and two nuts, when you solder one nut at one end of the rod.

NL: bout

FR: boulon

PT: parafuso

ES: perno

DE: Schraube

ID: baut

IT: bullone

RU: Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ñ‚, Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚

Brass

Metal alloy of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn), with a yellow appearance.

NL: messing

FR: laiton

ES: latÃ³n

Bronze

Metal alloy of Copper (Cu) and Tin (Sn), with a yellow appearance.

NL: Brons

FR: Bronze

DE: Bronze

ES: bronce

Bruiser

Apparatus or container in which you break down abrasive.

FR: brisoir

RU: Ñ?Ñ‚ÑƒÐ¿ÐºÐ°

Bubbles

1. Air balls in glass.

FR: bulles

DE: Blasen

RU: Ð¿ÑƒÐ·Ñ‹Ñ€Ð¸ Ð² Ñ?Ñ‚ÐµÐºÐ»Ðµ

PT: bolhas

ID: Gelembung udara

2. Bubbles in glass brought to the surface in grinding or polishing.

FR: points crevÃ©s

DE: Blasen

3. Bubble, natural in a crystal.

FR: vacuole

DE: Lufteinschluss

ID: Gelembung di dalam kaca

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B [C] D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• C •

Carborundum: Silicium Carbide (SiC), a very hard grinding agent (almost as hard as diamond). It has a hardness of 9.5 on the Mohs scale.

FR: carborundum

DE: Karborundum

RU: ÐºÐ°Ñ€Ð±Ð¾Ñ€ÑƒÐ½Ð´
Cassegrain Telescope: Sort of catadioptric telescope with a curved secondary.
CAT: 1. Catadioptric.; 2. Computer Aided Telescope.
Catadioptric: Telescope that combines reflection and light bending (refraction), like Schmidt-Cassegrains, Maksutovs, ...

FR: objectif/tÃ©lÃ©scope catadioptrique
Cedar: Sort of wood.

FR: cÃ¨dre

NL: ceder, cederhout

PT: cedro
Cell: System that supports a mirror or a lens.

NL: spiegelcel of spegelhouder, lensvatting,

FR: Barillet

PT: Suporte do espelho principal, cÃ©lula

ES: Soporte

ID: penyangga

DE: Zelle

IT: cella, supporto

RU: Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð°
CeO₂: Cerium Oxide (actually Cerium Dioxide).
Cerium Oxide: Polishing agent (CeO₂), sometimes referred to as "cerium". Doesn't stain like rouge.

NL: Ceriumoxyde

FR: Oxyde de CÃ©rium, rose Ã polir oxyde de cÃ©rium

DE: Ceroxyd

RU: Ð´Ð²ÑƒÐ¾ÐºÐ¸Ñ?ÑŒ Ñ†ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ñ?
Cervit: Brand-named low expansion glass.

FR: vitro-cÃ©ramique

NL: vitrokeramisch glas
Chamfer, to: To grind away sharp edges. See also: Bevel, to.

FR: chanfreiner

DE: Kanten brechen, facettieren, fasen

RU: Ð½Ð°Ð½ÐµÑ?ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ñ„Ð°Ñ?Ð¾Ðº (Ñ„Ð°Ñ?ÐµÑ‚Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°)

PT: chanfrar

ID: Menumpulkan
Cherry: Sort of wood, hard, with a reddish colour.

PT: cerejeira

NL: kerselaar

FR: cerisier

DE: Kirsche
Chordal stroke: A grinding stroke used during hogging to remove large quantities of glass quickly. In this stroke, you grind mirror on top with the center of the mirror over the edge of the tool. You grind first on one chord, rotate mirror and tool, then on another, and so forth. Picture a stop sign (an octogon) - that's the pattern the center of your mirror will make after you have done a few wets.

FR: courses excentrÃ©es
Chrysocal, Chrysocale: Chrysocal (also called Chrysocale) is a common name for Phosporous Bronze, and has the chemical composition of CuSn₃ Zn₉ . It is often used as blade sring material in electric motors. One interesting application of chrysocal is in astatic mirror cells, where the chrysocal is used as a blade spring.

FR: chrysocal, chrysocale, bronze phosporeux, feuillard bronze
Chuck: ? descr ?

FR: mandrin

DE: Bohrfutter

PT: mandril

ES: mandril
Clutch: The thing that you use in a car when changing the gear of a car (1st gear to 2nd gear and so on). More in general, a clutch makes it possible to couple/discouple something to/from a motor.

PT: embreagem

NL: koppeling

FR: embrayage

DE: Kupplung

ID: Kopling
Coating: Layer of metal or dielectric that is applied on a surface. Most important coatings are optical coatings. Lense coatings help minimizing the reflection losses at the surfaces, while mirror coatings have enhanced reflective properties and also protect the reflective film against corrosion (as a SiO₂ coating atop of a reflective Al coating on mirrors).

NL: coating

FR: revÃªtement

PT: revestimento

ID: lapisan

DE: VergÃ¼tung (bei Linsen), Beschichtung (bei Spiegeln)

IT: rivestimento, mano

RU: Ð½Ð°Ð½ÐµÑ?ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð¶Ð°ÑŽÑ‰ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ?Ð²ÐµÑ‚Ð»Ñ?ÑŽÑ‰ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÑ€Ñ‹Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ?

ES: revestimiento
Coil spring: Spring made of a wire put in a coil (like a wine-opener)

NL: spiraalveer

FR: ressort Ã boudin

ES: Resorte espiral

PT: Mola

ID: gulungan pegas

DE: Spiralfeder

IT: molla a spirale
Collimation: Adjusting all optical elements such that they share a single optical axis.

NL: collimatie, uitrichten van de optische elementen

FR: collimation

RU: Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ñ†ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð´ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ¹ Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð°

PT: colimaÃ§Ã£o

ID: Kolimasi
Colophony: The solid residue after distilation of oil turpentine from crude turpentine. Syn.: Rosin.

FR: colophane

DE: Kolophonium
Computer Aided Telescope: Telescope that is driven with the help of a computer. Examples are stepper motor driven Alt-Azimuth mounts Ã la Mel Bartels, . . .

NL: computergestuurde telescoop

FR: tÃ©lÃ©scope assistÃ© par ordinateur (?)

DE: ComputerunterstÃ¼tztes Fernrohr
Corundum: Aluminium Oxyde (Al₂O₃), hard polishing stuff, but softer than carborundum.

FR: corindon

DE: Korundum

NL: korund

RU: ÐºÐ¾Ñ€ÑƒÐ½Ð´
Cradle: The part of a mount, special on GEM's, to rest the tube.

NL: wieg, schommeldoos (dobsonmontering).

DE: Wiege

FR: berceau

RU: ÑƒÐ·ÐµÐ» ÐºÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ? Ñ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐ±Ñ‹ Ðº Ð¾Ñ?Ð¸ Ñ?ÐºÐ»Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ?

PT: berÃ§o
Crayford focuser: Sort of focuser which is based on pure friction. Very often this focuser design has very little to no backlash.
CT: Cassegrain Telescope (without corrector plate). A reflector.

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C [D] E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• D •

D'Autumne platform: Sort of platform on which you set an alt-az mounted scope, so that it becomes equatorial. Due to constructional constraints however, the platform can only track for a certain time (up to 2-3 hours max.).

NL: d'Autumne (volg)platform

FR: plateforme de type d'Autumne

RU: Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ñ?Ñ€Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ‚Ñ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ð°
Dental plaster: FR: plÃ¢tre dentaire
Dental stone: FR: ciment dentaire
Depth gauge: Apparatus for measuring the sagitta.

FR: jauge de profondeur

DE: Tiefenmass

RU: Ñ?Ñ„ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ñ€

ID: Pengukur sagitta
Derotator: Engine that compensates for field rotation.

FR: compensateur de rotation de champ
Diagonal: Elliptical secondary mirror tilted at 45 degrees, between the eyepiece and the primary in e.g. Newtonians.

NL: vangspiegel

FR: miroir secondaire diagonal

ES: Diagonal

PT: espelho secundario

ID: cermin sekunder

DE: Fangspiegel, SekundÃ¤rspiegel

IT: diagonale, secondario
Diagonal holder: Support to keep the diagonal in place. It is often attached to a spider.

NL: vangspiegelhouder

FR: support de secondaire

DE: Fangspiegelhalterung

RU: Ð´ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°

ID: Penyangga cermin sekunder
Dig on an optical surface: ? Descr ?

FR: Ã©chignures

DE: GrÃ¼bchen
Dillpickel telescope: An all spherical catadoptric newtonian.
Dispersion: The fact that light with different wavelengths is refracted (bent) differently. Examples where dispersion is shown: light decomposition in a prism, ...

NL: dispersie, kleurschifting

FR: dispersion

PT: dispersÃ£o

DE: Dispersion
Dob: Contraction of "Dobsonian"
Dobson, John: Creator of the popular Dobsonian telescope: a very stable alt-azimuth mount with huge bearings. John Dobson's intention was to build a telescope with "off the shelf" parts at low expenses.
Dobsonian: Term that denotes both the Dobsonian mount (see Dobson, John) and the whole telescope assembly.
Dobsonian mount: Very stable alt-azimuth mount with huge bearings.

NL: dobsonmontering

PT: Suporte de tipo Dobson

ID: penyangga tipe Dobson

FR: monture Dobson

IT: montatura dobsoniana
Dowel: Descr?

ID: pasak kayu
Drill, to: Make a hole in something (with a drill for example)

NL: boren (m.b.v. een boor)

FR: percer, forer (Ã l'aide d'une perceuse, foreuse)

PT: furar (ou berbequim)

ES: Perforar

ID: bor

DE: bohren (mit einem Borher)

IT: perforare, trapanare

RU: Ñ?Ð²ÐµÑ€Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸Ð¹

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D [E] F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• E •

Ebony Star: Sort of laminate with low-friction surface, often used in Dobson bearings. This is a commercial name (a Wilsonart brand laminate)

FR: remplacement pour le formica
Edge, to: ??? descr ???

FR: dÃ©border

DE: rundieren
Entrance pupil: Optical aperture of an optical system (telescope, eyepiece, binoculars, . . .), at which the light enters.

NL: intreepupil

DE: Eintrittspupille

FR: pupille d'entrÃ©e

IT: pupilla di uscita

RU: Ð²Ñ…Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð·Ñ€Ð°Ñ‡Ð¾Ðº
EP: Abbreviation meaning "Eyepiece", sometimes also "Exit Pupil" or "Entrance Pupil" (depending on the context).
Equatorial mount: Most common type of telescope mount (until the Dobson revolution): since one axis is parallel to the rotational axis of the Earth (this axis points to Polaris (Northern hemisphere) or sigma Octantis (Southern hemisphere)), you can follow an object by just counteracting the rotation of the earth.

NL: equatoriale montering

ID: penyangga tipe ekuatorial

PT: suporte equatorial

FR: monture Ã©quatoriale

DE: parallaktische Montierung

RU: Ð¿Ð°Ñ€Ð°Ð»Ð»Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ°Ñ? (Ñ?ÐºÐ²Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð°Ñ?) Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
Erfle: A wide-field eyepiece.
Exit pupil: Optical aperture of an optical system (telescope, eyepiece, binoculars, . . .), at which the light exits.

NL: uittreepupil

DE: Austrittspupille

FR: pupille de sortie

RU: Ð²Ñ‹Ñ…Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð·Ñ€Ð°Ñ‡Ð¾Ðº
Eyepiece: → see the related page on this site.
Set of lenses the eye will look through.

NL: oculair, ooglens

FR: oculaire

PT: ocular

ES: ocular

DE: Okular

ID: okuler

IT: oculare

RU: Ð¾ÐºÑƒÐ»Ñ?Ñ€
Eye relief: Distance between the eye and the eyepiece.

NL: oogreliÃ«f

DE: Augenrelief

FR: position du cercle oculaire

RU: ÑƒÐ´Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ñ‹Ñ…Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ñ€Ð°Ñ‡ÐºÐ°

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E [F] G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• F •

Feathers: Feather shaped defects within transparent materials. The term is applied also to collections of bubbles or flecks.

FR: feuillets

DE: Federn
Field derotator: See: Derotator
Field of View: See: FoV
Field rotation: Rotation of the field of view in your eyepiece (or on your CCD or camera), due to misalignment of the polar axis in an equatorial munt, or in general due to the fact that your mount is NOT equatorial. It is easy to visualise when you imagine that Saturn rises, culminates and afterwards sets, but during that motion the orientation of the rings of Saturn change (they follow the ecliptic): tilted to the left at rise time, then horizontal at culmination, then tilted to the right at set time.

NL: veldrotatie

FR: rotation de champ

DE: Feldrotation, Gesichtsfelddrehung

PT: rotaÃ§Ã£o do campo

IT: rotazione di campo

RU: Ð²Ñ€Ð°Ñ‰ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ñ? Ð·Ñ€ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ?
Figuring: Bring a certain figure in the surface of the mirror. The final stage of grinding a mirror. At this stage, your mirror is already polished. You use altered stroke patterns, altered laps, or other techniques to turn your sphere into a parabola (assuming you are making a Newtonian or similar design). After this, it's off to the coater.
[1] Altering the shape of a surface to improve definition.; ID: pembentukan (if figuring means parabolizing the blank).

DE: Parabolisieren, retouchieren [1], korrigieren [1]

FR: mise en forme, retoucher [1]

RU: Ñ„Ð¸Ð³ÑƒÑ€Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ?
File: Tool for scraping off bits of material, in order to flatten an edge, ...

NL: vijl

FR: lime

DE: Feile

RU: ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð±Ñ€ÑƒÑ?Ð¾Ðº

ES: lima
Finder, Finder scope: Small telescope on the side of a bigger one, with a wider field of view, used to help find the object one wants to observe.

NL: zoeker

FR: chercheur

PT: buscador

ES: telescopio mira, buscador

ID: teropong pencari

DE: Sucher, Sucherfernrohr

IT: cercatore

RU: Ð¸Ñ?ÐºÐ°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒ
Fine grinding: The stage of grinding after rough grinding in which you improve your sphere, remove pits, and prepare for polishing. You start with fairly coarse grits like 220 and proceed one by one to the finest grits (5 micron aluminum oxide or so) during this stage.

DE: Feinschliff

FR: doucissage

RU: Ñ‚Ð¾Ð½ÐºÐ°Ñ? ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°

ID: Asah halus
First Light: Emotional moment, when the brand new telescope will be seeing the first star light...

FR: premiÃ¨re lumiÃ¨re
f-number: See: focal ratio
Focal length: The length at which parallel rays of light are brought into focus for a particular lens or mirror.

NL: brandpuntsafstand

FR: distance focale

PT: distÃ¢ncia focal

DE: Brennweite

RU: Ñ„Ð¾ÐºÑƒÑ?Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ñ€Ð°Ñ?Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ?Ð½Ð¸Ðµ

ID: Jarak fokus
Focal ratio, f-ratio, f-number: The ratio F/D of the focal length F and diameter D of a mirror or lens. It is often seen on photographic lenses; you change the focal number by means of a diaphragm (you often find values in the series 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22). With telescopes, the focal ratio is a constant for every instrument, since we do not use a diafragm (we want to fetch the most light as possible).

NL: openingsverhouding

DE: Ã–ffnungsverhÃ¤ltnis

FR: rapport d'ouverture

RU: Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ð¾Ñ?Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ñ„Ð¾ÐºÑƒÑ? (Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Ð¾Ð±Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ð¾Ñ?Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñƒ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸ÑŽ)

ID: Rasio fokus
Focus: Point at which a parallel incoming beam is converged to after contact with an optical system.

NL: brandpunt

FR: foyer

DE: Brennpunkt

RU: Ñ„Ð¾ÐºÑƒÑ?

ID: Fokus/titik api
Focuser: Part that alows the image to be seen sharply.

NL: focusseerinrichting

FR: porte-oculaire (focusseur, mise au point)

ES: Porta ocular

PT: porta-ocular

ID: pemfokus

DE: Okularauszug

IT: fuocheggiatore

RU: Ñ„Ð¾ÐºÑƒÑ?Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ ÑƒÐ·ÐµÐ»
Formica: Sort of plastic used in plies or sheets for covering wood panels like in kitchen use (laminate). In ATM, formica is often used in combination with teflon for bearings.

FR: formica

IT: formica

NL: formica

ID: Formica
Foucault test: A test of optical surfaces, developed by Leon Foucault, a French optician. The test uses reflection and geometrical optical principles to amplify shadows of defects on the mirror so that they are easily visible.

FR: test de Foucault

NL: Foucault-test

RU: Ñ‚ÐµÑ?Ñ‚ Ð¤ÑƒÐºÐ¾

ID: Test metode Foucault
FoV: Field of View. This is the angle in which you can see things through an optical instrument (telescope, binocular, photographic camera, ...). Normally we mean "true" field of view when referring to FoV. See also AFoV, and the telescope formulas page.

NL: (waar) gezichtsveld

FR: champ de vision (rÃ©el)

DE: Gesichtsfeld
f-ratio: See: focal ratio
FRP: Construction material, often used in public bathroom wall panelings. Provides much less friction than Ebony Star or another formica-like laminate. Since the friction between FRP and teflon is very low, this material is only useful in heavy (large, say 16" and more) dobs.
Fuller's earth: Substance used with rouge in polishing on cloth polisher.

FR: terre Ã foulon

DE: Fullererde

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F [G] H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• G •

GE 2, GE II: Sort of transparent RTV, sometimes referred to as "bathtub sealer". This is a commercial name of General Electric! In Europe, it is found as "Rubson" (commercial name) (check this !)

FR: Ã©lastomÃ¨re de silicone
Gear: 1. Wheel with teeth on it (as in a gear box).

NL: tandwiel, rader

FR: roue dentÃ©e

DE: Getriebe (rad); 2. In a motorized engine (car, truck, ...) it regulates the output rotational speed and torque in function of the motor speed. E.g., start the car in 1st gear, then go into 2nd gear etc. Normal cars have 4 to 6 gears (plus one rear). The gear is realised by means of "gears". See also: clutch. (1st significance).

NL: versnelling (van een auto: eerste, tweede versnelling, ...).

FR: vitesse (d'un automobile: premiÃ¨re vitesse, deuxiÃ¨me vitesse, ...)

DE: Gang (beim Automobil)
GEM: Abbreviation of "German Equatorial Mount".

NL: Duitse parallactische (of: equatoriale) montering.

DE: Deutsche Montierung

PT: suporte equatorial AlemÃ£o

FR: monture allemande

RU: Ð½ÐµÐ¼ÐµÑ†ÐºÐ°Ñ? Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°

ID: Penyangga tipe Jerman
Glare shield: Sort of light shield that is often seen in nose cones of (larger) dobsonians, opposite to the focuser. This shield blocks eventual light rays that are not originated from the primary via the diagonal; by doing so the contrast is enhanced.

NL: lichtscherm

FR: Ã©cran

ID: Penahan silau
Glass board: See: FRP
Graduated lap: A graduated lap is a lap with varying contact of pitch against the glass. A common graduated lap consists of the squares of pitch become smaller and the channels become larger as you move towards the edge. Think of flower petals. You don't have to remove large gobs of pitch - just scrape away the surface a tiny bit to lose the contact. Eventually contact comes back and you scrape some more. These are very effective laps for parabolizing - don't use them for small slow mirrors. [Mel Bartels]

DE: deformierte Pechhaut
Grinding: First phase of mirror making. Consists of creating a spherical curvature on one side of the future mirror glass by using abrasives and water

NL: slijpen

FR: creusage, ebauchage, meulage [1]

ES: desgastar

DE: schleifen , Schliff [1]

PT: desbaste

ID: mengasah

IT: smerigliatura

RU: ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
Grit: Small particles of aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) or silicon carbide (SiC), graded according to their size, used to grind the mirror. Can be found in ATM specialised stores or abrasive specialised stores. For a conversion chart comparing different size scales, visit Newport Glass Work's site at http://www.newportglass.com/grit.htm.
Also: pitch of the abrasive (size of the particles).

FR: grain

NL: korrel

ID: pasir/kerikil halus

DE: Korn

IT: graniglia

RU: Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾ÑˆÐºÐ¸
Ground board: Base of a Dobsonian, upon which the rocker box rests. Between them you find the azimuth axis.

NL: grondbord

DE: Grundplatte
Gypsum: ??? descr ??? see plaster

NL: gips

FR: gypse

DE: Gypsum, Gips

PT: gesso

RU: Ð³Ð¸Ð¿Ñ?, Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ±Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ€

ID: Gips

ES: yeso

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• H •

H: Acronym for "Huygens".
Helical focuser: Focuser that focuses by rotating the eyepiece holder (on which there is a thread).
Hickory: Sort of hardwood, quite tough. Used extensively for implement handles (axe and shovel handles where toughness is essential). [Peter Brooks]
HM: Acronym for "Huygens-Mittenzwey".
Hogging: The initial rough grinding you do to put the initial curve in your mirror. You do not need to worry as much about obtaining the correct figure at this point, just getting your mirror close. Rough grinding will produce the spherical shape you are aiming for.

FR: Ã©bauchage

RU: Ð³Ñ€ÑƒÐ±Ð°Ñ? ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
Hose clamp: Descr ?

DE: Schlauchschelle
Huygens: rand of eyepieces. The first ones ever made, today only used for solar observations in one single light frequency (thus in combination with solar filters placed in front of the telescope (not in the eyepiece).
Huygens-Mittenzwey: Brand of eyepieces. An enhanced version of the Huygens eyepieces. Often a very cheap eyepiece found in some cheap telescopes.

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• I •

Idler roller: Descr?

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I [J] K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• J •

Jigsaw: Tool that cuts wood and other material thanks to a small saw blade that goes up and down very fast.

NL: wipzaag, decoupeerzaag, figuurzaag

FR: scie sauteuse

DE: StichsÃ¤ge

PT: serra de recorte

IT: sega da traforo

RU: Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ð¿Ð¸Ð»Ð°, Ð»Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¸Ðº

ID: Gergaji listrik

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J [K] L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• K •

Kellner: Brand of eyepieces with a doublet at the eye end. Becomes a standard in less expensive eyepieces.
Knife Edge: Used in the famous Foucault-Test to "read" the Surface of the Mirror.

DE: Messerschneide
KÃ¶nig: Sort of wide-angle eyepiece (an WW II invention).
Kydex: Sort of plastic.

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K [L] M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• L •

Laminate: Thin layer of a plastic, often used for coating wood panels (in kitchens, ...). Examples: formica, Ebony Star.

NL: laminaat

PT: laminado

DE: Laminat

ID: Laminasi
Lap: See: Pitch lap

NL: pekbodem
Larch: Sort of wood. Larch is a type of pine generally speaking. Good pieces have a very close grain like old slow growing pine has. Its most common use is wooden utility poles! The English call it "Spar Pine". When they landed on this side of the Atlantic, they were amazed at the tall straight trees that grew near the Virginia coast that could be used for spars, masts, yardams, etc. on their ships. [Daniel Fundo]

NL: lork ?

FR: mÃ©lÃ¨ze ?
Lathe: Machine that makes circular symmetrical machining of material possible, by turning

NL: draaibank

DE: Drehbank

PT: torno

ES: torno

FR: tour

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L [M] N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• M •

MA: Acronym for "Modified Achromat", a brand of eyepieces of Meade.
ma, m.a.: Minor axis.
MacDOB, MacDOBS: Term invented by the Macintosh using ATMer. Since the most common way to computerize a Dobson is by means of a parallel port interface (e.g., Mel Bartel's page on motorized Dobsonians), which doesn't exist on a Macintosh PC. Instead, the MacDOB works with a serial interface.
Mahogany: Sort of hardwood.

PT: mogno

NL: mahonie

FR: mahonia
Maple: Sort of wood, dense and generally quite strong. Good for clamping pieces. Can be used for bearings. [Peter Brooks]

NL: esdoorn

FR: Ã©rable
Microfacet: Small "facets" added to a pitch lap by pressing a netting (plastic window screening, vegetable-bag netting, bath-type scrubby, etc.) material into the lap.

FR: microfacette(s)

NL: microfacet(ten)
Mill: A mill is a large machine, looking somewhat like an oversized drill press. It has a table which can be moved in two directions (the X and Y axes) very precisely (generally to .001" or so). The spindle, which holds the cutting tool, can be moved up and down (the Z axis), also in fairly precise increments. The cutting tool turns at speeds from about 500 rpm to --- say --- 2000 rpm (rough figures here, on both ends of the speed range). Mills tend to be very expensive. (see also: router) [Dan Brown]
The most common is the "Bridgport" (brand name) type vertical mill, there is also a benchtop mill-drill, usually made in Taiwan or China. Weighs about 300kg. Smaller and less capable than the big boy, but more affordable. [Peter Brooks]

PT: fresa

DE: FrÃ¤sbank
Millies-Lacroix: Adrien Millies-LaCroix. Usually refers to a a graphical method of interpreting Foucault test data.

RU: Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð´ ÐœÐ¸Ð»Ð»ÑŒÐµ-Ð›Ð°ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ°
Minor axis: The minor axis is the smallest diameter of an ellipse. With diagonals in Newtonians, the m.a. is also the diameter of the obstruction caused by the diagonal (circular appearance of the diagonal when tilted at 45Â°).

NL: korte as

PT: eixo menor

DE: kleine Achse

FR: petit axe

RU: Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð°Ñ? Ð¾Ñ?ÑŒ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°
Mirror box: Box-like part of a truss tube Dobsonian, in which the mirror is mounted. It rests in the rocker box.

NL: spiegeldoos
Mohs scale: The Mohs scale is a scale of mineral hardness. It was introduced in 1812 by the German mineralogist Frederich Mohs (1773-1839), who selected the ten minerals because they were common or readily available. The scale is not a linear scale, but somewhat arbitrary. The ten minerals and their hardness on the Mohs scale between brackets are: Talc (1), Gypsum (2), Calcite (3), Fluorite (4), Apatite (5), Orthoclase (6), Quartz (7), Topaz (8), Corundum (9) and Diamond (10).

NL: (hardheids)schaal van Mohs

PT: escala (de dureza) de Mohs

FR: Ã©chelle (de duretÃ©) de Mohs
Monocentric eyepiece: Sort of Eyepiece, in witch all radii of the lenses fall on the same point, like the "Steinheil"-Type [Detlev Markfort]

NL: monocentrisch oculair

DE: Monozentrisches Okular
MOT: Mirror On Top

FR: Miroir dessus

NL: spiegel boven

ES: Espejo encima

PT: Espelho em cima

ID: Kaca Di Atas

DE: Spiegel oben

IT: specchio sopra

RU: Ð»Ð¸Ñ†ÐµÐ²Ð°Ñ? Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð½Ð° Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°
Mount: Construction that supports the telescope.

NL: montering
Muffin fan: Sort of fan (actually a brand name) that you encounter in power supplies and some computers (cooling fans). In ATM we use such a small fan for helping the primary to cool down to the ambient temperature, and sometimes to avoid turbulences in the light path (?).

NL: ventilatortje

FR: petit ventilateur

PT: pequeno ventilador

ID: kipas angin

DE: Ventilator

IT: ventolina di raffreddamento

RU: Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¸Ð»Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€

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• N •

Nagler: Brand of eyepieces with a very wide apparent field of view (82Â°). Brand name from TeleVue. Excellent eyepiece.
Needle bearing: Bearing with needles as rolling parts.

NL: naaldlager

FR: roulement Ã aiguilles
Newt: Contraction of "Newtonian telescope"

ID: Newtonian

DE: Newton
Newtonian Telescope: A reflecting telescope that uses a large mirror (the primary) which reflects light to a smaller mirror (the secondary) which reflects light out the side of the tube to the eyepiece.

NL: Newtonkijker

PT: telescÃ³pio Newtoniano

FR: newtonien

RU: Ð?ÑŒÑŽÑ‚Ð¾Ð½

DE: Fernrohr nach Newton

ID: Teleskop Newtonian
Nose cone: Part of a truss tube dobsonian where you find the focuser and spider (plus diagonal).

NL: neuskegel, lichtkooi [en niet lichtekooi (vrouw van lichte zeden)].
Null test: ???

FR: Null test

RU: Ð½ÑƒÐ»ÑŒ-Ñ‚ÐµÑ?Ñ‚
Nut: Most of the times hexagonally shaped metal part with a threaded hole in the middle (use it on a bolt or a threaded rod).

FR: Ã©crou

NL: moer

DE: Mutter

PT: porca

ID: Mur

IT: dado

RU: Ð³Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ°

ES: tuerca

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N [O] P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• O •

Oak: Sort of hardwood, rather coarse grained, quite strong. Ash tends to be whiter than oak. Both can be quite pretty, but their primary feature is strength. [Peter Brooks]

FR: chÃªne, bois de chÃªne

NL: eik, eikehout

PT: carvalho

DE: Eiche, Eichenholz

ES: roble
Objective: Lens (or mirror) which receives the light from the object at which we point the telescope.

NL: objectief

FR: objectif

ES: objetivo

PT: objetivo

ID: Obyektif

DE: Objektiv

IT: obiettivo

RU: Ð¾Ð±ÑŠÐµÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²
Orthoscopic: Brand of eyepieces corrected for 1st order aberrations. Also called "Abbe eyepiece" or "aplanar eyepiece", due to the design. Good eyepiece (compare with Kellner).

FR: orthoscopique

RU: Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¾ÐºÑƒÐ»Ñ?Ñ€
OTA: Optical Tube Assembly (the tube part of the telescope, without mount).

NL: kijkerbuis, buis met optiek

PT: tubo Ã³ptico de um telescÃ³pio

FR: tube optique

RU: Ñ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐ±Ð° Ð² Ñ?Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ðµ Ñ? Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð¹

ID: Tabung Teleskop

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O [P] Q R S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• P •

PanOptic: Brand of eyepieces with a large field of view (68Â°). Brand of TeleVue. Almost comparable to the Nagler eyepieces.
PEC: Acronym for "Periodic Error Correction".
Periodic Error Correction: Gears are repetitive systems (one tooth of a gear returns to its initial state after every revolution). Since most gears are not perfect, they induce errors, that come back with a repetitive pattern (reprats after every revolution). So does a system built with gears, like a gear box. Then you will have to take into account all gears.

FR: correction d'erreurs pÃ©riodiques (â†’ correcteur d'erreurs pÃ©riodiques)

RU: ÐºÐ¾Ñ€Ñ€ÐµÐºÑ†Ð¸Ñ? Ð¿ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾ÑˆÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¸ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð°

ID: Koreksi Kesalahan Periodik
Pickering scale: Scale devised by John Pickering for expressing the seeing conditions.

NL: Pickering-schaal (voor seeing)

FR: Échelle de Pickering
Pickering scope: Telescope used by John Pickering, which he used to make a magnitude scale for seeing.
Pine: Sort of wood

PT: pinho

NL: den

FR: pin, sapin

ES: pino
Pit: Small hole in mirror/blank. This can happen when the grit is contaminated with coarse particles.

NL: putje

DE: Pore(n), GrÃ¼bchen

PT: pequeno furo, buraquinho

FR: piqÃ»re

RU: Ð²Ñ‹ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐºÐ°, Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ‡ÐºÐ°

ID: Lubang
Pitch: Black syrup-like substance (heaviest fraction of the destillation of petroleum, also derived from tree sap), used for polishing. Actually, you make a pitch lap, and then the abrasive (rouge, CeO, ...) sticks on the lap. The optical pitch comes from trees!

ES: Brea, resina de pino

NL: pek, polijstpek

FR: poix, poix optique

PT: pixe (substÃ¢ncia feita a partir de pixe ou resina de pinheiro)

ID: ter (?)

DE: Pech

IT: pece

RU: Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ñ?Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð°
Pitch lap: Sort of cushion made from pitch, used for polishing.

ES: Pulidor

NL: pekbodem

FR: Polissoir

PT: Polidor

DE: Pechhaut

IT: mola di pece

RU: Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ðº
Plaster: TROUBLES: there are TWO substances, one called "plÃ¢tre" and another called "gipse" in French (gypsum?). The later has a chemical formula CaSO₄.nH₂O (without H₂O it's called "anhydrite", and is blueish). If you know more about it, please let me know!
Plaster is made of gypsum which is heated at very high temperature in a special oven, in order to extract one water molecule. If the gypsum is heated too much, or for a too long time, then all the water molecules of the gypsum are extracted, and what we get is anhydrite, a blueish to grey substance, which is very slow in absorbing water again.
When cooled, and mixed with water, a cristallisation occurs, and plaster hardens.
White variety is named plÃ¢tre de Paris. He is very quick, hard, and white. More rough ones are greyish ore bluish, and are maore often used in construction.

NL: plaaster

FR: plÃ¢tre

PT: gesso

ES: yeso

DE: Gips

IT: gesso
Plaster of Paris: White stuff used for covering interior walls and making molds and sculptures. Sort of plaster (see: Plaster).

FR: plÃ¢tre de Paris

ES: Yeso Paris

NL: plaaster, gips ???

PT: gesso

DE: Gips

IT: solfato di calcio
Plaster tool: Grinding or polishing tool made of plaster instead of glass/pitch.

FR: outil en plÃ¢tre

IT: utensile in gesso
Plate glass: Sort of glass (window glass) commonly used for mirrors. Plate glass has a green color, and needs to be annealed to eliminate stresses in the material.

FR: verre Ã glace

RU: Ð»Ð¸Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ðµ Ñ?Ñ‚ÐµÐºÐ»Ð¾

PT: vidro de tampo de mesa

ID: Kaca biasa
PlÃ¶ssl: Brand of eyepieces. Consists of two doublets, modified PlÃ¶ssls also incorporate an intermediate lens in between the doublets. Very good eyepiece; it seems that this design will become the all-round eyepiece.
Plywood: Sort of wood made of thin layers of wood glued together at different directions of the wood fibres, in order to strenghten the wood.

NL: multiplex

FR: contre-plaquÃ©, multipli

PT: contraplacado (Portugal); compensado (Brasil)

ES: Enchapado, contrachapado

DE: Sperrholz

ID: kayu lapis

IT: legno compensato
Polisher: Tool with which the polishing takes place. See: pitch lap.

FR: polissoir

DE: Polierschale, Polierwerkzeug

ES: pulidor
Polishing: Last action in making a mirror. The polishing consists in the smoothening of the figure of the mirror by means of a very fine grit (CeO, rouge, ...).

NL: polijsten

FR: polissage

ID: pemolesan

DE: polieren

PT: polimento

RU: Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
Poncet mount: ?? descr ??

FR: monture Poncet

NL: Poncet-montering

ID: Penyangga tipe Poncet
Poncet platform: Sort of platform used to guide an alt-az mounted scope (mostly a Dob) for a certain amount of time.

FR: plateforme de type Poncet.

ID: Platform Poncet

NL: Poncet platform
P-P: Contraction of "Peak-to-Peak" error of an optical surface. The peaks are the errors "above" the desired value, the valleys are the errors "below" the desired value. For calculating the P-P error, the maximum of the peaks and valleys is considered. This value is then multiplied by 2 to obtain the P-P value. This is an upper bound for the maximal error. See also: P-V.
Primary: Contraction of "primary mirror" - Largest mirror, used as a converging lens in reflectors. Syn.: objective.

NL: hoofdspiegel

FR: Miroir principal, primaire

PT: Espelho principal

ES: primario

ID: Cermin Primer

DE: Hauptspiegel

IT: primario

RU: Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¾
Pulley: Descr?
Pumice powder: Powder made from pumice (the porous stone that comes from a volcano).

NL: puimsteenpoeder

FR: ponce, poudre de pierre ponce

DE: Bimssteinpulver
P-V: Contraction of "Peak-to-Valley" error of an optical surface. The peaks are the errors "above" the desired value, the valleys are the errors "below" the desired value. For calculating the P-V error, only the maximum of the peaks and valleys are considered. Both error values can differ. This is the maximal error.

RU: Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð¸Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾ÑˆÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¸ Ñ„Ð¾Ñ€Ð¼Ñ‹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ…Ð½Ð¾Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð° (ÐµÐµ Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð¼Ð°Ñ…)
Pyrex: A type of glass with a lower coefficient of expansion (also harder) than plate glass. Generally colourless.

FR: pyrex

NL: pyrex

RU: Ð¿Ð¸Ñ€ÐµÐºÑ?

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• Q •

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q [R] S T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• R •

Rack and Pinion Focuser: Focuser with a sliding eyepiece holder on which a pinion is mounted. Focusing is achieved by turning on a knob.

FR: porte-oculaire Ã crÃ©maillÃ¨re (???)

NL: focusseerinrichting met tandheugelsysteem

DE: Okularauszug mit Zahnstangenantrieb

PT: focalizador de coroa e pinhÃ£o
Reflector: Telescope with a primary that reflects (acts like a mirror) the incoming light, like Newtonians, Cassegrains, ...

NL: reflector, spiegelkijker

DE: Reflektor, Spiegelteleskop

FR: tÃ©lÃ©scope, tÃ©lÃ©scope rÃ©flecteur, tÃ©lÃ©scope Ã miroir

RU: Ñ€ÐµÑ„Ð»ÐµÐºÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€

ID: Reflektor / Pemantul
Refractor: telescope with a primary that bends (refracts, like a lens) the incoming light, thus where the light passes through the optical system (glass, ...).
Due to dispersion, a refractor needs to be corrected for color shift: see achromats and apochromats.

NL: lenzenkijker

DE: Refraktor, Linsenteleskop

FR: lunette, tÃ©lÃ©scope rÃ©fracteur, tÃ©lÃ©scope Ã lentille

RU: Ñ€ÐµÑ„Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¾Ñ€

ID: Refraktor / Pembias
RFT: Acronym for "Rich Field Telescope". This is a kind of telescope used with low power in order to obtain a large field of view, often exceeding 1°.

NL: rich-field telescoop

FR: tÃ©lÃ©scope Ã grand champ de vision

PT: telescÃ³pio de grande campo de visÃ£o

RU: ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð¸Ñ?ÐºÐ°Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒ

ID: Teleskop Sudut Lebar
Rifle Scope: Small finder which is often mounted on a rifle for aiming. Has a very big eye relief and oversized exit pupil.

NL: geweerzoeker, vizier

FR: lunette de fusil

DE: Zielfernrohr

RU: Ð¾Ð¿Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸Ñ†ÐµÐ»
RMS: Abbreviation of "Root Mean Square" error of the optical surface. This is an average value, smaller than the P-V (Peak-to-Valley) error. The RMS value is obtained by taking the square root of the quadratic "distance" (= error) of the desired values and the true value (actually, this is done by a discrete sum of such values obtained from measurings).

RU: Ñ?Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ð½ÐµÐºÐ²Ð°Ð´Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ°Ñ? Ð¾ÑˆÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ…Ð½Ð¾Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸
ROC: Radius of curvature (of the mirror). The ROC is defined as the radius of the spherical surface of the mirror. It is about twice the focal length.

NL: kromtestraal

PT: raio de curvatura

FR: rayon de courbure

DE: KrÃ¼mmungsradius

RU: Ñ€Ð°Ð´Ð¸ÑƒÑ? ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ‹ Ñ?Ñ„ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ…Ð½Ð¾Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸

ID: Radius Kurva

ES: radio de curvatura
Rocker box: Box-like part of a Dobsonian in which rests the mirror box. The rocker box rests on the ground board.

NL: schommeldoos
Rod: Cylindrical (metal) piece.

NL: staaf

FR: tige

PT: haste, barra

ES: Barra, vastago

DE: Stange

ID: batang

IT: barra

RU: Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ñ‚, ÑˆÐ¿Ð¸Ð»ÑŒÐºÐ°
Roller: Cylindrical object which typically rotates around its axis, like in old-fadhion roller skates (not the roller blades), and the roller bearings.

FR: rouleau, roulette

NL: rol

DE: Rolle

IT: rullo
Roller bearing: Bearing with rollers as rolling parts.

NL: rollager

FR: roulement Ã rouleaux

DE: Rollenlager

IT: cuscinetto a rulli

RU: Ñ€Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑˆÐ¸Ð¿Ð½Ð¸Ðº
Ronchi grating: Grating used in the ronchi test.

NL: Ronchi rooster

FR: trame de Ronchi

DE: Ronchi-Gitter

RU: Ñ€ÐµÑˆÐµÑ‚ÐºÐ° Ð Ð¾Ð½ÐºÐ¸
Ronchi screen: Screen with a Ronchi grating on it.

NL: ronchi scherm
Ronchi test: An optical test introduced by an Italian optician, Ronchi.
(My grandfather's dad was in the optic's business, and met him several times. My grandfather told me he'll look for further info on his life and work).

FR: test de Ronchi

NL: Ronchi test

ID: Test metode Ronchi
Roof prism: Descr ??

NL: dakkant prisma

FR: prisme en toit

DE: Dachkantprisma
Rosin: See Colophony, Pitch
Rouge: A polishing agent (Fe₂O₃), stains everything red, too.

FR: rouge Ã polir

DE: Polierrot

RU: ÐºÑ€Ð¾ÐºÑƒÑ?
Rough grinding: The stage of grinding after hogging in which you produce a good, spherical shape. Generally, you use the coarse grits like 120 for this stage.

FR: Ã©bauchage

DE: Rohschliff

ID: Asah Kasar
Roughing tool: ??? descr ???

FR: platine

DE: Schruppschale
Router: Sort of cutting tool, used to shape wood, ... The machine is very noisy, operates at about 15,000rpm and produces lots of very tiny dust. The cutting tool is a bit, like a drill bit. In ATM, a router is often used for cutting large circles (instead of a jigsaw).
A router is typically used for cutting channels in the wood surface.
A router is a little bit like a mill for wood, but it isn't as elaborate. A router consists of an electric (usually) motor on some sort of base. It is arranged so that you can adjust the height (or depth) of the cutting tool. Really, the pictures in the Kriege book show most everything there is to show --- a router is a pretty simple tool. A router turns the cutting tool at about 20,000 rpm, though this speed is variable on some routers. [Dan Brown]
There's also a router plane, but these are relatively obsolete, and are used for making deep grooves and for inletting hardware in woods. Where the router plane intersects the router is in the ability to make grooves and/or clear out shallow indentations in wood, such as for setting a metal hinge. [Peter Brooks]
Pending: is a router a sort of mill???

NL: (hout)frees

FR: fraiseuse ???

PT: tupia

ES: fresadora

DE: FrÃ¤ser

IT: fresa

ID: Roter
RTMC: Riverside Telescope Maker's Conference, an annual ATM event held over Memorial Day weekend. (USA)
RTV: Room Temperature Vulcanization (silicone): A kind of rubber, very strong, adheres very well to metals and glass (when degreased), doesn't adhere well on wood when not painted. Always use transparent RTV, like "GE 2".

NL: siliconenkit

FR: Ã©lastomÃ¨re de silicone.

ES: Adhesivo de siliconas

PT: Cola de silicone

ID: lem silikon

DE: Silikon

IT: silicone

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R [S] T U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• S •

Sagitta: The vertical depth of the curve of a spherical mirror. Lay your mirror on its back. Carefully lay a ruler across its diameter. The distance, at the center of the mirror, from the ruler to the mirror surface is the sagitta.

NL: uitholling (van de spiegel)

FR: flÃ¨che

RU: Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ»ÐºÐ° ÐºÑ€Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ‹

ID: Kedalaman kecekungan
Sander: Machine tool used for removing small bits of material for smoothing a surface, ...

NL: schuurmachine (vlakschuurmachine)

FR: ponceuse

PT: lixadeira

DE: Schleifmaschine

ID: Amplas

ES: lijadora
Schmidt-Cas(s): Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope.
Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope: A catadioptric telescope.
Scratch, slight: Between a sleek and a scratch.

FR: frayure

DE: Kratzer
SCT: Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescope.
Secondary: Contraction of "secondary mirror".
A second mirror surface in a reflector or in a catadiopric telescope. In Newtonians, the synonym is "diagonal".

NL: vangspiegel

FR: secondaire

DE: Fangspiegel

ID: Cermin Sekunder
Secondary holder: Support to keep the secondary in place. It is often attached to a spider. (see also: diagonal holder)

NL: vangspiegelhouder

FR: support de secondaire

DE: Fangspiegelhalterung

ID: Penyangga Cermin Sekunder
Seeds: Opacke specks of unmelted material in glass.

FR: points

DE: Steine
Serrurier truss: Sort of truss system designed by Mark Serrurier as a way to control the weight-induced flexure of a telescope (when aiming at whatever direction). In the ATM world, the term "Serrurier truss" is often (mis)used when referring to a telescope with (generally 8) trusses arranged so that they form triangles (better rigidity). See also: truss, truss tube, and the e-mail sent by Anthony J. Cook which extensively covers this topic.

FR: tube Serrurier

RU: Ñ„ÐµÑ€Ð¼Ð° Ð¡ÐµÑ€Ñ€ÑŽÑ€ÑŒÐµ
Setting circle: Circle mounted on a telescope axis or bearing, on which you can read the angular position of the telescope.

NL: deelcirkel

FR: :Cercle graduÃ©

ES: Circulo graduado

PT: cÃrculo graduado

DE: Einstellkreis

RU: ÑƒÑ?Ñ‚Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ³Ð¸ (Ð´Ð°Ñ‚Ñ‡Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ ÑƒÐ³Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ? Ð¾Ñ?ÐµÐ¹ Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð°)
Shaft: Descr?
Sleek: A very fine scratch visible at only certain angles. Sleeks are found during polishing, usually being caused by impurities in the polishing compound or other contaminates.

NL: kras

FR: filandre, rayure (lorsque grandes)

DE: Wischer, Haarrisse (wenn grosser)

RU: Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ñ?Ñ?Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ñ†Ð°Ñ€Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ð½Ð°, "Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ð¸Ð½Ð°"
Sling: Weapon used to throw stones (as with David and Goliath). In ATM we refer to a sling as a part that supports a weight (e.g., the weight of the primary when the telescope is aimed at a low angle) on a certain surface. Sometimes two slings are used to remove cars when they are parked where they are not allowed to.

NL: slinger (â†’ steunband)

FR: fronde, sangle (â†’ bande d'appui)

PT: funda, tipÃ³ia

ES: honda ?

ID: tali penyandang

DE: Schlupf, Schlinge
SMA: Acronym for "Super Modified Achromat", a brand of eyepieces from Celestron.
Smoothing: The step bewteen Routh grinding and polishing using grits like 400 or higher [Detlev Markfort]

FR: doucissage

DE: feinschleifen

ID: Penghalusan
Smoothing and polishing: ??? descr ???

FR: surfaÃ§age

ID: Penghalusan dan pemolesan
Sonotube: Tube made of cardboard usually used in the building industry to make cement columns. Can be found in building supplies stores. Brand name!
Spider: Construction that holds the diagonal holder in place.

NL: spin

FR: araignÃ©e

IT: crociera

DE: (Fangspiegel-) Spinne

RU: Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÑƒÑ‚Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñƒ Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ñ€Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ?Ð¶ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸

PT: aranha

ES: araÃ±a
Spider vane: Arm-like constructian, that keeps the secondary holder in place in the spider. Vanes are made of any rigid material: steel, aluminium, or even carbon fiber, ...). These vanes result in the oh-so-famous "spikes" seen in many astrophotos and through the scope.

NL: vaan

DE: (Fangspiegel-) Strebe

RU: Ñ€Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ?Ð¶ÐºÐ° Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°
Spike: Straight protrusion that starts from any bright object seen in a telescope with a spider, and that follows the direction of any vane in the spider. Spider configurations with 3 or 6 vanes both give 6 spikes (look at the directions of the vanes), spiders with 4 arms give 4 perpendicular spikes.

FR: aigrette(s)
Spring: Part of metal that has improved elasticity.

NL: veer

FR: ressort

ES: resorte, muelle

PT: mola

ID: pegas/per

DE: Feder

IT: molla
Spruce: Sort of softwood, extremely light, and common in use in aircraft and acoustic guitar fronts. [Peter Brooks]
Squaring the focuser: Adjusting the focuser and diagonal so that the optical axis of the primary is bent at EXACTLY 90 degrees.

NL: loodrecht stellen van de focusseerinrichting

FR: alignement (mise Ã perpendiculaire) du porte-oculaire

ES: Escuadrar el porta ocular

PT: enquadrar o porta-ocular
Stainless steel: Steel that doesn't rust.

NL: inox, roestvrij staal

FR: acier inoxydable, inox

PT: aÃ§o inoxidÃ¡vel

ES: Acero inoxidable

DE: Rostfreier Stahl

ID: baja anti karat

IT: acciao inossidabile

RU: Ð½ÐµÑ€Ð¶Ð°Ð²ÐµÑŽÑ‰Ð°Ñ? Ñ?Ñ‚Ð°Ð»ÑŒ
Star test: Final test of the telescope, which shows the degree of collimation and the qualityb of the optics (when the collimation is OK).

NL: stertest

FR: test sur Ã©toile
Steel: Sort of iron that is less fragile and more elastic (lower carbon content).

NL: staal

FR: acier

PT: aÃ§o

ES: acero

DE: Stahl

ID: baja

IT: acciaio

RU: Ñ?Ñ‚Ð°Ð»ÑŒ
Stop: Diaphragm (see also: Baffle).

NL: diafragma

FR: diaphragme

DE: Blende
Strain: Tension in a material.

FR: tension

DE: Spannung

NL: spanning

ES: tensiÃ³n
Stray light: Light, not coming from your object of interest and irritates your vision or interference with your sight, reducing contrast. Typical it comes from Streetlights, Neigbors, ... [Detlev Markfort]

DE: Streulicht

NL: strooilicht
Strehl ratio: A method of expressing optical performance of telescopes.

RU: Ñ‡Ð¸Ñ?Ð»Ð¾ Ð¨Ñ‚Ñ€ÐµÐ»Ñ?
Stroke: One movement when grinding/figuring/polishing.

NL: slag

DE: Strich

FR: course

RU: ÑˆÑ‚Ñ€Ð¸Ñ…

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S [T] U V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• T •

TCT: Tilted Component Telescope, like schiefspiegler (Kutter telescope). These scopes have components that are not perpendicular to the optical axis (besides a diagonal), or that have no rotational symmetry anymore. Most of this designs were created to avoid obstruction by the secondary.

DE: Schiefspiegler

RU: Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ Ñ? Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ð¼ Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð»ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÐ¹ (Ð±ÐµÐ· Ñ†ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ?ÐºÑ€Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ?)
TDE: Acronym for "Turned Down Edge".
Teflon: Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), type of plastic often used on pans ("tefal" pan: teflon coated aluminium pan). In ATM teflon is used for low-friction bearings in combination with formica or aluminium. the only problem with teflon is that it is not very stable: teflon will "flow" if the pressure on it is too high.

RU: Ñ„Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚
TEX: Either refers to Jean Texereau or a program written to reduce figuring data, called TEX.
TFoV: True Field of View. The field of view perceived through an optical instrument. A more common name for TFoV is FoV (Field of View). See FoV.

NL: waar gezichtsveld, werkelijk gezichtsveld

DE: Wahres Gesichtsfeld
Thermal expansion: When something is subjected to temperature variations, the object will shrink and expand, according to its thermal expansion coefficient. This also means that the figure of the optics of a telescope change due to temperature variations! Before the telescope will perform well, it has to reach thermal equilibrium (the whole of it has a uniform temperature).

NL: Thermische uitzetting

FR: Dilatation thermale

DE: Thermische Ausdehnung

ES: dilataciÃ³n tÃ©rmica
Threaded: On which a "thread" is put, this is a spiral-like groove on a cylinder. As with a threaded rod or a bolt.

NL: draad

FR: filetÃ© (avec un pas-de-vis)

ES: Roscado

PT: com rosca, roscado

ID: ulir

DE: Gewinde

IT: filettato

RU: Ñ€ÐµÐ·ÑŒÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹
Threaded rod: Rod on which a thread is put. Looks like a bolt without head.

NL: draadeind

FR: tige filetÃ©e

PT: vara roscada

DE: Gewindestange

ID: batang berulir

RU: ÑˆÐ¿Ð¸Ð»ÑŒÐºÐ°
Thrust bearing: Thrust bearings are designed for pure thrust loads, and can handle little or no radial load. The rolling element in a thrust bearing can be a ball, needle or roller.
Tile: Flat piece of ceramics, normally used to cover floors and walls (bathrooms, kitchens, ...).
One side is glazed, the other side is "rough" ceramic.

NL: tegel

FR: carreau de cÃ©ramique

ID: ubin/tegel

DE: Fliese

PT: pastilha (de revestimento de paredes)

IT: piastrella

RU: Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸Ð½ÐºÐ° ÐºÐµÑ€Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ°, Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ñ‹Ñ… ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„ÑƒÑŽÑ‚ Ð·ÐµÑ€ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¾

ES: teja (for the roof), baldosa (for floors), baldosÃn (for walls)
Tile(d) tool: Tool where the grinding elements are small tiles (the rough, unglazed back side of it is used) which are disposed on the tool, as showed here (Mel Bartels' plaster tiled tool).

NL: betegelde slijpschijf ?

ID: ubin penggosok

FR: outil en carreaux de cÃ©ramique

IT: utensile di piastrelle

RU: ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ðº Ð¸Ð· Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ?Ñ‚Ð²Ð° Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ»ÐµÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ… Ð½Ð° Ñ?Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ñƒ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ… Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÐºÐµÑ€Ð°Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¸Ñ… Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ðº
Tissue: ??? descr ???

FR: chiffon

NL: doek

DE: Gewebe, Stoff

ES: tejido
TN: Contraction of "Telescope Nut", a term often used when referring to a person obsessed with telescope making. See for example the ATM 1, 2 and 3 trilogy.

FR: fada

PT: gÃria
Tool: Blank that will be used to grind the other blank

NL: slijpschijf

FR: disque outil

PT: disco ferramenta

ES: Herramienta

ID: perkakas penggosok

DE: Schleifwerkzeug

IT: ustensile

RU: ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¸Ðº
TOT: Tool On Top

NL: spiegel onder

FR: miroir dessous

ES: Herramienta encima

PT: Ferramenta em cima

ID: Perkakas Di Atas
Trepanning: The process of boring/drilling a hole in the center of a mirror for the purpose of making a pierced-mirror design, like a Cassegrainian.

FR: forer avec un trÃ©pan, trÃ©pannage

DE: Kernbohrung

NL: Boren met een kernboor, klokboor
True Field of View: See: TFoV
Truss: Tube-like part (used in construction) ATM: see truss tube.

NL: stang, staaf, vakwerk

FR: barre (comme dans un treillis ou dans un Ã©chafaudage en construction)

ES: Vara, tubo

PT: Vara, tubo

ID: Tiang Penopang
Truss tube: Telescope tube made of trusses, making it lighter and transportable when you disassemble it. See also: Serrurier truss.

NL: stangenstelselbuis, truss tube buis, vakwerkbuis

ES: Tubo de estructura de varas

ID: Tabung dengan tiang

FR: tube treillis

DE: Gitterrohrtubus

RU: Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð°Ñ? Ñ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐ±Ð°
Turned Down Edge: Sometimes this happens if you polish too fast or your pitch-lap is too weak, resulting in a mirror figure with too "deep" edges.

DE: abgesunkene Kante

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T [U] V W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• U •

ULE: Abbreviation for "ultra low thermal expansion"

DE: extrem niedrige thermische Ausdehnung

NL: extreem lage thermische uitzettingscoefficiÃ«nt

FR: dilatation thermale extrÃªmement faible
UWA: Acronym for "Ultra-Wide Angle". Brand of eyepieces with an apparent field of view of 80Â° and even more.

DE: Extremes Weitwinkel

RU: Ð¾Ñ?Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑˆÐ¸Ñ€Ð¾ÐºÐ¾ÑƒÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð¾ÐºÑƒÐ»Ñ?Ñ€

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U [V] W X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• V •

Vane: See: Spider vane.

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V [W] X Y Z References Acknowledgements

• W •

WA: Acronym for "Wide Angle". Brand of eyepieces with a wide apparent field of view (more than 50Â°).

NL: groothoek

FR: grand angle

DE: Weitwinkel

PT: grande Ã¢ngular

RU: ÑˆÐ¸Ñ€Ð¾ÐºÐ¾ÑƒÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ Ð¾ÐºÑƒÐ»Ñ?Ñ€

ID: Sudut Lebar
Walnut: Sort of hardwood. Walnut is a nice, strong, very pretty hardwood, generally quite stable. Maybe mahogany is most similar. [Peter Brooks]

NL: notelaar, notelaarshout

FR: noyer, bois de noyer

DE: Walnuss
Washer: round, flat (metal) ring with a hole in it

FR: rondelle

NL: onderlegschijf, rondel

ES: Arandela

PT: anilha (Portugal); arruela (Brasil)

ID: cincin penutup/ring

DE: Unterlegscheibe

IT: rondella

RU: Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ð°Ð»Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑ?ÐºÐ¾Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑŒÑ†Ð¾ (Ð´Ð»Ñ? ÑˆÐ»Ð¸Ñ„Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸)
Wear, to: 1. For clothes, glasses, ... one says that (s)he wears a coat, (s)he wears glasses and a hat.

FR: porter (des vÃªtements, des lunettes, ...)

NL: dragen (kledij, een bril, ...)

DE: tragen (Er/Sie trÃ¤gt einen Mantel, eine Brille, ...)

ES: llevar, vestir; 2. For mechanical parts, like in "brass wears faster than steel", meaning that steel will last longer than brass. Here we mean a tribological term, meaning "alteration (degradation) of the material".

FR: usure

NL: sleet, slijtage

DE: abnutzen

ID: Aus

ES: desgastar
Wet, to give a: To polish a piece of work from the wet to the dry condition of the polisher.
Wingnut: Sort of nut with two wing-like extensions, that make the screwing and unscrewing easy by hand (without tools). Very popular for collimation purposes.

FR: Ã©crou papillon

NL: vleugelmoer

ID: mur kuping

DE: FlÃ¼gelmutter

IT: dado a farfalla

RU: Ð³Ð°Ð¹ÐºÐ°-Ð±Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÑˆÐµÐº

PT: porca borboleta
Wire spider: Sort of spider made of metal wire.

IT: crociera a fili

RU: Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ðµ Ñ€Ð°Ñ?Ñ‚Ñ?Ð¶ÐºÐ¸

DE: Drahtspinne

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W [X] Y Z References Acknowledgements

• X •

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X [Y] Z References Acknowledgements

• Y •

Yolo

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y [Z] References Acknowledgements

• Z •

Zone: Please confirm this! I'm not sure about this entry.
The Foucault test is an optical test for spherical mirrors. Since most of the telescope mirrors are non spherical, the result of a Foucault test will be a bunch of dark and bright rings. These rings are interference pattern caused by the non-spherical mirror, or if you prefer, by the figure of the mirror which consists of lots of parts of spherical surfaces with a different radius. In order to test a non-spherical mirror, a mask is often applied to the mirror, dividing the surface in concentric zones. Then you test the mirror with the Foucault test for each zone, which gives you a series of radii of curvature. These can be calculated in advance, so you are able to see how close you are to the desired shape (called figure of the mirror).

NL: zone

FR: zone

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [References] Acknowledgements

• References •

Optical production technology, D. F. Horne, M.B.E. (appendix II: glossary of terms used in the optical industry pp.555-562)

→ Jump to: ↑ top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z References [Acknowledgements]

• Acknowledgements •

Special thanks to the ATM mailing list, and more especially to the contributors: Nuno Faria (who started the thread), Diego Protas (Spanish version, and first version of the dictionary in e-mail form), David Bevel, Donald Clement, Bob Prabowo (Indonesian), Domenico De Rosa (Italian contribution), Jean-Marc Becker (French), Marinus van der Lugt, Detlev Markfort (German), Achim Schaller (German), Tim Poulsen (ATM FAQ), Richard Chalfan ([1]), Igor G. Rozivika (Russian), Hugues Laroche, Ricardo Dunna (Portuguese), Dan Brown, Peter D. Brooks, Daniel Fundo, Anthony J. Cook (Serrurier truss), Leonardo Sarasua . . .

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